by Krishen Samuel
In African countries where both gay sex and HIV are stigmatised, it can be challenging for HIV services to reach men who have sex with men (MSM). Research presented to the 23rdInternational AIDS Conference (AIDS 2020: Virtual) last week by Kumbirai Chatora from Population Services International on MSM in Zimbabwe suggests that men’s patterns of behaviour fit into distinct ‘archetypes’ when it comes to accepting their sexuality as well as seeking out HIV-related services. A better understanding of these mindsets and patterns of behaviour could lead to tailored provision of HIV services.
Similarly, Samuel Owusu from Maritime Life Precious Foundation, a community organisation in Ghana, presented research showing that MSM are increasingly using social media and hook-up apps as these spaces are perceived as safer than conventional meeting points. However, these men are often missed by HIV programmes solely doing outreach in conventional locations used by MSM.
Zimbabwe
MSM in Zimbabwe are at a significantly higher risk of HIV infection, with prevalence at 31% compared to the national prevalence of 13%. However, there is limited understanding of the reasons that MSM do not access HIV services. This study set out to characterise different mindsets and patterns of behaviour among MSM (classified as different archetypes), and how these archetypes inform health-seeking behaviour and impact upon men’s journeys as they navigate sexuality and risk.
Research was carried out in two large cities, Harare and Bulawayo. Using a participatory qualitative approach, researchers conducted 18 focus groups, 21 in-depth interviews, participant observation in three venues frequented by MSM, collecting data on over 100 participants from the LGBTQ community and service providers.
Participants expressed that living a double life was burdensome for most MSM. However, the community could also be drawn on as a source of strength and resilience. While they spoke of a sense of kinship, they also expressed that trust is fragile. Testing for HIV represented a potential threat as it could lead to exposure of sexuality. Men expressed the deeply-help fear of social fallout and said that it was worse than death Read more via AIDSmap
Chatora K et al. Understanding men who have sex with men (MSM) using human-centered design approach in Zimbabwe. 23rd International AIDS Conference, oral abstract OAE0506, 2020.
Owusu SC et al. Promoting uptake of HIV services using social media interventions among Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) in Ghana. 23rd International AIDS Conference, oral abstract OAC0604, 2020.